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Many of the world's peatlands are subject to agricultural runoff, which may impact fundamental biogeochemical processes by altering the concentrations of limiting nutrients. In this study, the distribution of specific microbial genes associated with phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N) metabolism was compared with potential enzyme activities related to P and N acquisition at five stations along a nutrient...
Middle-infrared spectroscopy (MIRS) is an established method for estimating the contents of soil organic carbon (SOC) and total soil nitrogen (N). However, obtained estimation accuracies vary between studies and only few studies are available that deal with C and N fractions. Objectives were to determine estimation accuracies for contents of SOC, microbial biomass C (Cmic) and C and N fractions for...
Compost amendments and tillage practices can modify soil structure and create heterogeneities at the local scale. Tillage affects soil physical properties and consequently water and solute transport in soil, while compost addition to soil influences pesticide sorption and degradation processes. Based on the long-term field experiment QualiAgro (a INRA–Veolia partnership), a modeling study was carried...
Land abandonment is the dominant land use change in the Mediterranean and the resulting vegetation recovery has a strong influence on soil organic carbon (SOC). Yet, the gradual changes in SOC pools during secondary succession remain poorly studied. As SOC is a mixture of pools with distinct functional properties, isolating these pools may provide a better understanding of the decadal SOC dynamics...
The understanding of parameters controlling mobility of trace contaminants is a key topic in a world where groundwater resources for water supply are strongly exploited and consequently greater exposed to contamination risks. In the context of wastewater reuse as water saving option for irrigation, distribution coefficients for the partitioning of lead between Cretan soil and wastewater derived irrigation...
Increasing oil palm (OP) plantation establishment on tropical peatlands over the last few decades has major implications for the global carbon (C) budget. This study quantified total and heterotrophic soil carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions in an industrial OP plantation (7year old, 149treesha−1) on peat located in the eastern coast of the Sumatra Island (Jambi district), Indonesia, after two doses of...
The sorption behavior of cadmium (Cd(II)) and zinc (Zn(II)) on two virgin soils with different pH levels was studied using single metal and competitive dual metal systems. In the single metal system, Zn exhibited a greater affinity for the alkaline soil, as indicated by the Langmuir constant (KL=8.85L/kg) compared with Cd (KL=1.79L/kg). However, much less sorption of both Zn (KL=0.19L/kg) and Cd (K...
Soil aggregate properties, such as strength, shape and porosity, influence a range of essential soil functions and there is a need for more detailed understanding of the effect of soil management on these aggregate properties. There is also a need for improved knowledge on the link between aggregate and bulk soil properties. The objectives of this study were to quantify the long-term effect of rotation...
Sediment source fingerprinting provides an essential means for estimating sediment source contributions, which are needed not only for soil conservation planning but also for erosion model evaluation/refinement. A single optimum composite fingerprint has been widely used in the literature to estimate sediment provenance. The objectives of this work are to (1) verify whether an optimum composite fingerprint...
Serpentine soil is a common name for soils derived either from igneous peridotites or metamorphic serpentinites. However, differences in mineralogy of these rocks are responsible for some differences between soils occurring on peridotites and serpentinites. In this study, we analyze the mobility of Ni, Cr and Co in six serpentine sites derived from a variety of parent substrates: from partially serpentinized...
This study analyzes the most suitable methods for detecting and measuring the soil sealing change caused by urban growth in the city of Madrid, Spain, using remote sensing techniques and GIS. Some irreversible, negative effects of soil sealing are impermeable ground and modified ecosystems (bio-geochemical cycle, water cycles, loss of biodiversity, etc.), which alter matter and energy flows and the...
Gravel deserts (gobis) may be primary dust sources in China, where they occupy almost the same area as sandy deserts. The obvious difference between gravel and sandy deserts is the dominant grain size in the surface sediments: fine in sandy deserts versus coarse in gravel deserts. Potential sand transport, gravel cover, and the mean grain size of the surface sediments of gravel deserts are the main...
Raman spectroscopy has been rarely applied in soil characterization due to the interference of fluorescence resulting from soil organic matter (SOM). However, valuable structural information is likely stored in the soil Raman spectra. This study was undertaken to investigate the potential of Raman spectroscopy in soil identification as an alternative tool to traditional methods, and the partial least...
Variable selection is widely accepted as an important step in quantitative analysis of near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy. However, the variables preselected based on the calibration set might not be representative of the effective variables in future prediction process due to the large variability among soil sample sets. In this work, variable-updating methods (i.e., update both the model coefficients...
Boron (B) is an indispensable constituent of plant lignin st\ructures inherited by soil humus compounds. However, little is known about plant litter as a factor of B turnover in the plant–soil system. Also, the sources of soil available B and the mechanism of its release and mobility are poorly understood. In a series of experiments, we considered (1) leachates from decomposing plant litter and leaves...
A major challenge in the design of new herbicides lies in the development of highly active, environmentally friendly compounds. Soil sorption is an ecotoxicological parameter used to probe the prospective environmental fate of persistent organic pollutants, such as some herbicides. This parameter, described in terms of logKOC (the logarithm of the soil/water partition coefficient normalized to organic...
Pinus halepensis is generally considered a species adapted to soils with gypsum but there is hardly any data available to support such statement nor to assess the degree to which soil gypsum may constrain tree development. We studied fifty five 200m2-plots in a P. halepensis plantation in NE Spain, 23 on soils with gypsum and 32 on soils without gypsum. Trees were measured to estimate site index at...
Albic material is a widespread soil diagnostic material. The genesis of albic materials is known to be very sensitive to changes in environmental conditions resulting from natural or anthropic driving forces. Common agricultural practices like liming or drainage improvement are able to change the nature or the intensity of albic material genesis. The direction and the amplitude of such changes have...
Carbon (C) sequestration in agricultural soil has the potential to mitigate climate change and help sustain soil productivity. Continual nutrient input and residue retention are needed to attain the C sequestration potential and to maintain the sequestered C. However, few studies have assessed the vulnerability of the sequestered soil C to changes in agricultural management and climate. Here we applied...
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